Background Activated astrocytes play important roles in chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP).
Recent studies have shown reactive astrocytes are classified into A1 and A2 phenotypes …

Peripheral nerve injury causes neuropathic pain accompanied by remarkable microgliosis in
the spinal cord dorsal horn. However, it is still debated whether infiltrated monocytes …

It is now widely accepted that the glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) are key
players in many processes, especially when they are activated via neuron-glia or glia-glia …

Chronic pain is a critical clinical problem with an increasing prevalence. However, there are
limited effective prevention measures and treatments for chronic pain. Astrocytes are the …

Background Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of
neuropathic pain. Recent evidence has proved that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells …

The pharmacological attenuation of glial activation represents a novel approach for
controlling neuropathic pain, but the role of microglial and astroglial cells is not well …

Neuropathic pain, a debilitating pain condition, is a common consequence of damage to the
nervous system. Optimal treatment of neuropathic pain is a major clinical challenge because …

Activated spinal glial cells have been strongly implicated in the development and
maintenance of persistent pain states following a variety of stimuli including traumatic nerve …

Neuronal plasticity along the pathway for sensory transmission including the spinal cord and
cortex plays an important role in chronic pain, including inflammatory and neuropathic pain …

The activation of spinal cord microglia and astrocytes after peripheral nerve injury or
inflammation contributes to behavioral hypersensitivity. The contribution of spinal cord glia to …