As life expectancy increases, malfunction or loss of tissue caused by injury or disease leads
to reduced quality of life in many patients at significant socioeconomic cost. Even though …

Natural bone tissue is composed of calcium-deficient carbonated hydroxyapatite as the
inorganic phase and collagen type I as the main organic phase. The biomimetic approach of …

The clinical demand for scaffolds and the diversity of available polymers provide freedom in
the fabrication of scaffolds to achieve successful progress in bone tissue engineering (BTE) …

Bone defects requiring grafts to promote healing are frequently occurring and costly
problems in health care. Chitosan, a biodegradable, naturally occurring polymer, has drawn …

In the recent years, a paradigm shift is taking place where metallic/synthetic implants and
tissue grafts are being replaced by tissue engineering approach. A well designed three …

Critical-sized bone defects treated with biomaterials offer an efficient alternative to traditional
methods involving surgical reconstruction, allografts, and metal implants. Chitosan, a natural …

The use of bioabsorbable polymeric scaffolds is being investigated for use in bone tissue
engineering applications, as their properties can be tailored to allow them to degrade and …

Current bone implants based on new biomaterials may cause a foreign body reaction (FBR)
around the implant itself thus prolonging the healing time following bone fractures. In this …

Despite the spontaneous regenerative properties of autologous bone grafts, this technique
remains dilatory and restricted to fractures and injuries. Conventional grafting strategies …

Bone is an alive and dynamic organ that is well-differentiated and originated from
mesenchymal tissues. Bone undergoes continuous remodeling during the lifetime of an …