Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effector candidates that elicit humoral immunity in
invertebrates. AMPs facilitate bacterial clearance by either physically disrupting the …

Three antibacterial peptide genes, coleoptericins A, B and C, were identified from the yellow
meal worm beetle, Tenebrio molitor. Their cDNA sequences encoded 13.01, 13.13 and …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered to be candidate effectors for eliciting humoral
immune responses against infectious pathogens in the host. Cecropins are α‐helical …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are activated in response to septic injury and have important
roles in vertebrate and invertebrate immune systems. AMPs act directly against pathogens …

Many lepidopteran insects are agricultural pests that affect stored grains, food and fiber
crops. These insects have negative ecological and economic impacts since they lower crop …

Antimicrobial proteins/peptides (AMPs) are effectors of innate immune systems against
pathogen infection in multicellular organisms. Over half of the AMPs reported so far come …

The simultaneous expression of costly immune effectors such as multiple antimicrobial
peptides is a hallmark of innate immunity of multicellular organisms, yet the adaptive …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ubiquitous components of the insect innate immune
system. The model insect Galleria mellonella has at least 18 AMPs, some of which are still …

Due to overuse of antibiotics or drugs, antibiotic resistance and multidrug resistance in
pathogenic bacteria have been rising during the last two decades. Therefore, there is an …

The course of microbial infection in insects is shaped by a two-stage process of immune
defense. Constitutive defenses, such as engulfment and melanization, act immediately and …