Offset responses upon termination of a stimulus are crucial for perceptual grouping and gap
detection. These gaps are key features of vocal communication, but an ionic mechanism …

Offset responses in auditory processing appear after a sound terminates. They arise in
neuronal circuits within the peripheral auditory system, but their role in the central auditory …

Feedforward inhibition sharpens the precision of neurons throughout ascending auditory
pathways, including the binaural neurons of the medial superior olive (MSO). However, the …

The integration of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs is fundamental to neuronal
processing. In the mammalian auditory brainstem, neurons compare excitatory and …

Low-frequency sound localization depends on the neural computation of interaural time
differences (ITD) and relies on neurons in the auditory brain stem that integrate synaptic …

Neurons in visual, somatosensory, and auditory cortex can respond to the termination as
well as the onset of a sensory stimulus. In auditory cortex, these off responses may underlie …

Offset neurons, which fire at the termination of sound, likely encode sound duration and
serve to process temporal information. Offset neurons are found in most ascending auditory …

It has been proposed that sound information is separately streamed into onset and offset
pathways for parallel processing. However, how offset responses contribute to auditory …

The auditory modality is fundamentally a temporal sense that requires analysis of changes
in sound signals on timescales ranging from microseconds to minutes. To generate a faithful …

The superior paraolivary nucleus (SPON) is a prominent structure in the auditory brainstem.
In contrast to the principal superior olivary nuclei with identified roles in processing binaural …