Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder with motor dysfunction and a number of
psychiatric symptoms. Symptoms such as anxiety and cognitive deficits emerge prior to …

It is now well recognized that a bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota and the
brain, referred to as the gut-brain axis, plays a prominent role in maintaining homeostasis …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the common long-term degenerative disorders that
primarily affect motor systems. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common in individuals …

Evidence suggests that the Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis is strongly associated
with bidirectional pathways in the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), and psychobiotics may …

Microbiota in the gut affect brain physiology via various pathways, and dysbiosis seems to
play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Probiotics showed pleiotropic …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating condition resulting in motor and non-motor
symptoms affecting approximately 10 million people worldwide. Currently, there are no …

Alterations in the composition of the intestinal flora are associated with the pathophysiology
of Parkinson's disease (PD). More importantly, the possible cause-effect links between gut …

We previously reported that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine-induced
Parkinson's disease (PD) model mice (PD mice) facilitate hippocampal memory extinction …

Gut dysbiosis is considered a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), and chronic treatment
with probiotics could prevent it. Here we report the assessment of a probiotic mixture …

The gut–brain axis is a hot topic in Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been postulated that gut
pathogens and dysbiosis can contribute to peripheral inflammatory states or trigger …