The excretory–secretory proteome plays a pivotal role in both intercellular communication
during disease progression and immune escape mechanisms of various pathogens …

Helminths are masters at modulating the host immune response through a wide variety of
versatile mechanisms. These complex strategies facilitate parasite survival in the host and …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous containers released by cells that are powerful
agents of intercellular communication. EVs have been described for various parasites and …

Background Helminth infections are a global health menace affecting 24% of the world
population. They continue to increase global disease burden as their unclear pathology …

Taenia asiatica is a zoonotic parasite found in the human intestine and pig liver that evolved
various strategies to survive the host's defenses. Exosomes are membranous vesicles …

Background Taenia pisiformis is one of the most common intestinal parasites in canines,
and leads to serious economic losses in the rabbit breeding industry. Exosome-like vesicles …

Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular parasite, which causes significant economic
losses in the cattle industry. However, the immune mechanism of the parasite–host …

Helminth parasites cause persistent infections in humans and yet many infected individuals
are asymptomatic. Neurocysticercosis (NCC), a disease of the central nervous system (CNS) …

The caecum, an intestinal appendage in the junction of the small and large intestines,
displays a unique epithelium that serves as an exclusive niche for a range of pathogens …

Taenia solium cysticerci are a major cause of human seizures and epilepsy in the world. In
the gastrointestinal tract of infected individuals, taeniid eggs release the oncospheres, which …