Nitrogen fixation, the six-electron/six-proton reduction of N2, to give NH3, is one of the most
challenging and important chemical transformations. Notwithstanding the barriers …

Fixation of atmospheric nitrogen is central for the production of ammonia, which is the
source of nitrogen fertilizers and is also emerging as a promising renewable fuel. While the …

N2 is fixed as NH3 industrially by the Haber–Bosch process under harsh conditions,
whereas biological nitrogen fixation is achieved under ambient conditions, which has …

Recent advances in catalytic nitrogen fixation using well-defined molecular transition metal–
dinitrogen complexes and their precursors as catalysts under ambient or mild reaction …

The large carbon footprint of the Haber–Bosch process, which provides ammonia for
fertilizers but also the feedstock for all nitrogenous commercial products, has fueled the …

Biological N2 fixation to NH3 may proceed at one or more Fe sites in the active-site cofactors
of nitrogenases. Modeling individual e–/H+ transfer steps of iron-ligated N2 in well-defined …

Well-defined molecular catalysts for the reduction of N2 to NH3 with protons and electrons
remain very rare despite decades of interest and are currently limited to systems featuring …

The industrial reduction of dinitrogen (N2) to ammonia is an energy-intensive process that
consumes a considerable proportion of the global energy supply. As a consequence …

The ability of certain transition metals to mediate the reduction of N2 to NH3 has attracted
broad interest in the biological and inorganic chemistry communities. Early transition metals …

Metalloenzymes called nitrogenases (N 2 ases) harness the reactivity of transition metals to
reduce N 2 to NH 3. Specifically, N 2 ases feature a multimetallic active site, called a …