Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with numerous obstetrical, fetal, and
developmental complications, as well as an increased risk of adverse health consequences …

Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke is a major risk factor for the newborn, increasing
morbidity and even mortality in the neonatal period but also beyond. As nicotine addiction is …

Maternal smoking during pregnancy continues to represent a major public health concern.
Nicotine is extremely harmful to the developing fetus through many different mechanisms …

The adverse effects of prenatal cigarette smoke exposure on human reproductive outcomes
are a major scientific and public health concern. In the United States, approximately 25% of …

Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is the single largest modifiable risk for pregnancy-
related morbidity and mortality in the US. Addiction to nicotine prevents many pregnant …

A large body of documented evidence has found that smoking during pregnancy is harmful
to both the mother and the fetus. Prenatal exposure to nicotine in various forms alters …

Numerous epidemiological studies in the human population clearly indicate that smoking
while pregnant has deleterious effects on fetal development as well as long-term adverse …

Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy can result in a wide variety of adverse fetal
outcomes, ranging from preterm delivery and low birth weight, to sudden infant death …

Tobacco use in pregnancy is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and contributes in major
ways to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorders and learning disabilities …

The recent expansion of Nicotine Replacement Therapy to pregnant women and children
ignores the fact that nicotine impairs, disrupts, duplicates and/or interacts with essential …