Objectives To identify the cooperation of authors, countries, and institutions and explore the
hot topics and future prospects regarding programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and …

Background Subgroup analysis of clinical trials of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have reported
ethnic differences in outcomes. We systematically collected published data and performed a …

Programmed cell death protein-1/ligand 1 (PD-1/L1) targeted immune checkpoint inhibitors
have become the focus of tumor treatment due to their promising efficacy. Currently, several …

Background To review and summarize all US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
approvals of programmed death (PD)-1 and PD-ligand 1 blocking antibodies (collectively …

Abstract PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are a group of immune checkpoint inhibitors as front-line
treatment of multiple types of cancer. However, the serious immune-related adverse …

The occurrence and development of cancer are closely related to the immune escape of
tumor cells and immune tolerance. Unlike previous surgical, chemotherapy, radiotherapy …

Immunotherapy has caused a paradigm shift in the treatment of several malignancies,
particularly the blockade of programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) and its specific receptor/ligand PD …

Targeting PD-L1 and PD-1 interactions is a relatively new therapeutic strategy used to treat
cancer. Inhibitors of PD-1/PD-L1 include peptides, small molecule chemical compounds …

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have
demonstrated promise in treating a variety of advanced cancers; however, little is known …

Recent studies showed that tumor cells 'edit'host immunity in several ways to evade immune
defenses in the tumor microenvironment. This phenomenon is called “cancer immune …