Background The development of the kidneys and other organs of the urinary tract also follow
the natural rule of gene-environment-lifestyle interaction. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the maldevelopment of human kidney and
lower urinary tract, which include the ureter and urinary bladder. Renal malformations are …

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiologic data addressing maternal risk factors for congenital urinary tract
anomalies (CUTA) are limited, with conflicting results for preexisting diabetes mellitus …

Background Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are significant
causes of pediatric morbidity and mortality. The spectrum of CAKUT can be part of a …

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are 1 of the major factors in
young adults needing renal replacement therapy, but there is little extensive assessment of …

Background: There are few studies in the literature performed in human fetuses evaluating
the incidence of genitourinary anomalies. Aims: Analyze the incidence of congenital …

Material and methods Analysis covered a retrospective group of 334 neonates (194 male
neonates and 140 female neonates), reported to the Polish Registry of Congenital …

Background Congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract (CAKUT) are common
birth defects. The aims of our study were to estimate the prevalence and structure of CAKUT …

Background The prevalence of urinary malformations at birth is steadily increasing, probably
due to the availability of better diagnostic techniques. Aim To assess the prevalence of renal …

∎ ABSTRACT Kidney and urinary tract development disorder are two of the most prevalent
congenital malformations and the main cause of chronic kidney disease in pediatric age …