Soft electrophiles (eg, epoxides, quinones, quinone-imines, quinone-methides, etc.)
generated via the oxidative bioactivation of phenyl, phenolic, amino-, and alkylphenolic …

The issue of chemically reactive drug metabolites is one of growing concern in the
pharmaceutical industry inasmuch as some, but not all, reactive intermediates are believed …

Trapping reagents are powerful tools to detect unstable reactive metabolites. There are a
variety of trapping reagents based on chemical reactivity to electrophiles, and we …

Although idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions are rare, they are still a major concern to
patient safety. Reactive metabolites are widely accepted as playing a pivotal role in the …

Background: Metabolic activation leading to formation of chemically reactive drug
metabolites is a long-standing issue for drug development inasmuch as some, but not all …

A large body of circumstantial evidence suggests that metabolic activation of drug
candidates to chemically reactive electrophilic metabolites that are capable of covalently …

Cumulative research over several decades has implicated the involvement of reactive
metabolites in many idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (IADRs). Consequently,“avoidance …

Bioactivation of xenobiotics can, in certain circumstances, result in the formation of reactive
electrophilic species. These reactive metabolites may covalently modify proteins and …

Idiosyncratic toxicity is one of the principal causes for withdrawal of marketed drugs after
launch. Circumstantial evidence suggests that several drug-induced adverse effects are a …

Because of the inability to predict and quantify the risk of idiosyncratic adverse drug
reactions (IADRs) and because reactive metabolites (RMs) are thought to be responsible for …