Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough
blood flow, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Restoring blood flow to the coronary artery is an …

Background: Phytoestrogens are a class of natural compounds that have structural
similarities to estrogens. They have been identified to confer potent cardioprotective effects …

The increase in cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome incidence following the
onset of menopause has highlighted the role of estrogen as a cardiometabolic protective …

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury is a serious problem involved in cardiovascular
diseases. There data which indicate that some steroids induce cardioprotective effects on …

Several studies indicate that some steroid derivatives have activity at cardiovascular level;
nevertheless, there is scarce information about the effects of the estradiol derivatives on …

Although several studies have shown that the administration of 17β-estradiol (estrogen) is
cardioprotective to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), the molecular mechanisms are largely …

Estrogen receptors (ER) mediate functions beyond their endocrine roles, as modulation of
cardiovascular, renal, and immune systems through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic …

Abstract Ischemia Reperfusion (I/R) injury is a consequence of reperfusion of the ischemic
myocardium when reperfusion is carried out beyond a certain time period of the ischemic …

Reperfusion of blood flow to an ischemic myocardium is imperative to survival; ironically, it
may also manifest several pathophysiological conditions. The most important of these are …

Although estrogen and testosterone deficiency have often been associated with the
development of cardiac diseases in postmenopausal women, the benefits of estrogen or …