Bipolar disorder may begin as depression or mania, which can affect the treatment and
prognosis of bipolar disorder. However, the physiological and pathological differences of …

Background Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) has attracted increasing attentions due to its
high prevalence and great influence on social functions of children and adolescents …

Objective Psychotic symptoms are quite common in patients with pediatric bipolar disorder
(PBD) and may affect the symptom severity and prognosis of PBD. However, the potential …

Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a severely debilitating illness, which is characterized by
episodes of mania and depression separated by periods of remission. Previous fMRI studies …

Background Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown
abnormal functional connectivity in regions involved in emotion processing and regulation in …

OBJECTIVE: Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in pediatric
bipolar disorder (BD) have reported greater amygdala and less dorsolateral prefrontal cortex …

Background Early-onset bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex psychiatric illness characterized
by mood swings, irritability and functional impairments. To improve our understanding of the …

Abstract Background Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder (BD) can be
difficult to differentiate, as both feature depressive episodes. Here we have utilized fMRI and …

Objective: Few magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of bipolar disorder (BPD) have
investigated the entire cerebral cortex. Cortical gray matter (GM) volume deficits have been …

Background Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a severe disorder characterized by mood
fluctuations starting at a young age. Several neuroimaging studies revealed a specific …