Antibiotics represent one of the main discoveries of the last century that changed the
treatment of a large array of infections in a significant way. However, increased consumption …

Since the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928, the use of antibiotics has
become the golden standard in the treatment of bacterial infections of all kinds. Nowadays …

Background Pharmaceuticals are designed to stimulate a physiological response in
humans, animals, bacteria or other organisms. During the past decade, concern has grown …

Molecules with antibiotic properties, produced by various microbes, have been around long
before mankind recognized their usefulness in preventing and treating bacterial infections …

Among the different pharmaceuticals present in soil and water ecosystems as micro-
contaminants, considerable attention has been paid to antibiotics, since their increasing use …

Antibiotic is one of the most significant discoveries and have brought a revolution in the field
of medicine for human therapy. In addition to the medical uses, antibiotics have broad …

Antibiotics are among the most successful drugs used for human therapy. However, since
they can challenge microbial populations, they must be considered as important pollutants …

Antibiotics play a pivotal role in the management of infectious disease in humans,
companion animals, livestock, and aquaculture operations at a global scale. Antibiotics are …

Antibiotics, as antimicrobial drugs, have been widely applied as human and veterinary
medicines. Recently, many antibiotics have been detected in the environments due to their …

The discovery of antibiotics is considered one of the most significant scientific achievements
of the 20th century, revolutionizing both human and veterinary medicine. However …