The localization of atherosclerotic lesion formation to regions of disturbed blood flow
associated with certain arterial geometries, in humans and experimental animals, suggests …

Phenotypic modulation of endothelium to a dysfunctional state contributes to the
pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. The localization of …

The possibility that hemodynamic forces can act as a “local risk factor” for endothelial
dysfunction provides a conceptual framework for the long‐standing observation that the …

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prohibited. production of prostacyclin and nitric oxide, increased secretion of chemokines …

Vascular endothelium, the cellular monolayer lining the entire cardiovascular system, is
exposed to a variety of biochemical and biomechanical stimuli. Fluid shear stresses …

Forces that are associated with blood flow are major determinants of vascular
morphogenesis and physiology. Blood flow is crucial for blood vessel development during …

This review places modern research developments in vascular mechanobiology in the
context of hemodynamic phenomena in the cardiovascular system and the discrete …

Intimal lipid accumulation, hyperplasia, and scarring are stigmata of atherosclerotic vascular
disease, whose major complications—myocardial and cerebral ischemia and infarction …

One of the striking features of vascular endothelium, the single-cell-thick lining of the
cardiovascular system, is its phenotypic plasticity. Various pathophysiologic factors, such as …

Atherosclerosis originates at predictable focal and regional sites that are associated with
complex flow disturbances and flow separations in large arteries. The spatial relationships …