Alterations of the immune system could seriously impair the ability to combat infections
during future long-duration space missions. However, little is known about the effects of …

Several studies indicate a weakening of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and reactivation of
latent herpes viruses during spaceflight. We tested the hypothesis that head-down bed rest …

Bone loss and immune dysregulation are among the main adverse outcomes of spaceflight
challenging astronauts' health and safety. However, consequences on B‐cell development …

The identification of safe and easily-determined-inflight biomarkers to monitor the immune
system of astronauts is mandatory to ensure their well-being and the success of the …

Long-duration spaceflights reportedly induce immune dysregulation, which is considered a
risk to astronaut safety and mission success. Recent studies have examined the impact of …

Bed rest studies provide an important tool for modeling physiological changes that occur
during spaceflight. Markers of bone metabolism and nutritional status were evaluated in 12 …

Spaceflight is associated with deregulation in the immune system. Head-down bed rest
(HDBR) at-6° is believed to be the most practical model for examining multi-system …

Spaceflight affects the body on every level. Reports on astronaut health identify bone
marrow remodelling and dysfunction of the innate immune system as significant health risks …

Head-down-tilt bed rest (HDTBR) is a popular model, simulating alterations of gravitation
during space missions. The aim of this study was to obtain a better insight into the complexly …

Gravitational stress occurs during space flights or certain physical activities including
extreme sports, where the change in experienced gravitational acceleration can reach large …