Purpose We developed a software program that automatically extracts a three-dimensional
(3D) lumbar nerve root image from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lumbar nerve volume …

Abstract The three‐dimensional (3D) anatomy of Kambin's triangle is crucial for surgical
planning in minimally invasive spine surgery via the transforaminal approach. Few pieces of …

Study design: Prospective study. Objective: The aim of this study is to visualize the
morphology of a lumbar herniated disc and Kambin's triangle in three dimensions (3D) …

Objective While Kambin's Triangle has become an ever more important anatomic window
given its proximity to the exiting nerve root, there have been limited studies examining the …

Background Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic diskectomy has been a major
treatment for lumbar disk herniation. However, damage to exiting nerve roots is one of the …

Background The relationship of exiting root and Kambin's triangle is discussed in this article.
Transforaminal endoscopic surgery as the gold standard of less invasive lumbar disc …

Objective To evaluate 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of Kambin's safe
zone to calculate maximum cannula diameter permissible for safe percutaneous endoscopic …

Study Design: A magnetic resonance neurography (MRN)-based morphometric analysis of
the working zone for posterolateral endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) procedures on …

The transforaminal corridor in the lumbar spine allows access to the traversing and exiting
nerve roots, the thecal sac, and the intervertebral disc space. Surgeons performing midline …

Study Design. A morphometric analysis, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of
the lumbar spine. Objective. To identify the anatomic position of the ventral root and the …