Despite the success of vaccines in preventing many infectious diseases, effective vaccines
against pathogens with ongoing challenges—such as HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis …

Biomaterial carriers offer modular features to control the delivery and presentation of
vaccines and immunotherapies. This tunability is a distinct capability of biomaterials …

Polymers, lipids, scaffolds, microneedles, and other biomaterials are rapidly emerging as
technologies to improve the efficacy of vaccines against infectious disease and …

Infectious diseases that result from pathogen infection are among the leading causes of
human death, with pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus, malaria, influenza …

Natural and synthetic biomaterials are increasingly being used for the development of
vaccines and immunotherapies as alternatives to traditional live-attenuated formulations due …

Vaccines have been used to train the immune system to recognize pathogens, and prevent
and treat diseases, such as cancer, for decades. However, there are continuing challenges …

Small alterations during early stages of innate immune response can drive large changes in
how adaptive immune cells develop and function during protective immunity or disease …

Biomaterials are widely used for various medical purposes, for instance, implants, tissue
engineering, medical devices, and drug delivery systems. Natural biomaterials can be …

Controlled modulation of immune response, especially the balance between
immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive responses, is critical for a variety of clinical …

Modulation of the immune system is an important therapeutic strategy in a wide range of
diseases, and is fundamental to the development of vaccines. However, optimally safe and …