Abstract The Raf/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signal transduction cascade is a vital mediator of a
number of cellular fates including growth, proliferation and survival, among others. The focus …

Introduction: The RAS/RAF/MAP kinase–ERK kinase (MEK)/extracellular-signal-regulated
kinase (ERK)(MAPK) and the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)(PI3K) …

The mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are conserved proteins that regulate cell
growth, division and death. Although activated in the cytosol, the MAPKs translocate to the …

Simple Summary The Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway is responsible for regulating
cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Overexpression and overactivation of …

Abstract The Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade is pivotal in transmitting signals from membrane
receptors to transcription factors that control gene expression culminating in the regulation of …

Cancer is characterized as a complex disease caused by coordinated alterations of multiple
signaling pathways. The Ras/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signaling is one of the best-defined …

Abstract The Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated
kinase (ERK) pathway is often implicated in sensitivity and resistance to leukemia therapy …

Abstract The Ras/Raf/Mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK)/extracellular-
signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade couples signals from cell surface receptors to …

The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signaling cascade is essential for cell inter-and intra-
cellular communication, which regulates fundamental cell functions such as growth, survival …

Abstract The Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade plays a critical role in transducing growth
signals from activated cell surface receptors. Using ΔMEK1: ER, a conditionally active form …