The inefficient and incomplete combustion of solid fuel (SF) is associated with high levels of
indoor air pollutants leading to 3.55 million deaths annually. The risk is higher in women and …

Background: Nearly 3 billion people worldwide rely on solid fuel combustion to meet basic
household energy needs. The resulting exposure to air pollution causes an estimated 4.5 …

Environmental and occupational risk factors contribute to nearly 40% of the national burden
of disease in India, with air pollution in the indoor and outdoor environment ranking amongst …

Background India contributes 24% of the global annual child deaths due to acute respiratory
infections (ARIs). According to WHO, nearly 50% of the deaths among children due to ARIs …

Nearly one third of the world's population use biomass fuels such as coal, wood, animal
dung, and crop residues as their primary source of domestic energy. Due to their incomplete …

Exposure to indoor air pollution from solid fuel use (IAP) has been linked to approximately
1.5 million annual deaths (World Health Organization (http://www. who. int/indoorair …

Inefficient cooking and heating with solid fuels in poorly ventilated homes are a major source
of exposure to indoor air pollution in developing countries. Household air pollution from …

Globally, more than 3 billion people depend on biomass and coal to meet their basic energy
needs for cooking, boiling water, lighting, and, depending on climatic conditions, space …

Indoor air pollution is mainly caused by solid fuel use for cooking in developing countries.
Many previous studies focused on its health risks on the children and in specific local area …

More than 3 billion people worldwide continue to depend on solid fuels such as wood, dung,
or crop residues for cooking and heating [1]. Use of these fuels in traditional stoves or open …