The genetic basis of human neural tube defects (NTDs), such as anencephaly and spina
bifida (SB), is complex and heterogeneous. Grainyhead-like genes represent candidates for …

Cranial neural tube defects (NTDs) occur in mice carrying mutant alleles of many different
genes, whereas isolated spinal NTDs (spina bifida) occur in fewer models, despite being …

Neural tube defects (NTDs), such as spina bifida, are common and severe birth defects in
humans but the underlying causes are poorly understood. The pathogenesis and etiology of …

Neural tube defects, including spina bifida, are among the most common birth defects
caused by failure of neural tube closure during development. They have a complex etiology …

Failure of neural tube closure leads to neural tube defects (NTDs), common congenital
abnormalities in humans. Among the genes whose loss of function causes NTDs in mice …

Background Increased apposition of the frontal and parietal bones of the skull during
embryogenesis may be a risk factor for the subsequent development of premature skull …

Orofacial clefts, including cleft lip and palate (CL/P) and neural tube defects (NTDs) are
among the most common congenital anomalies, but knowledge of the genetic basis of these …

Grainyhead‐like genes are part of a highly conserved gene family that play a number of
roles in ectoderm development and maintenance in mammals. Here we identify a novel …

Abstract Background The transcription factor Grainyhead‐like 3 (GRHL3) has multiple roles
in a variety of tissues during development including epithelial patterning and actin …

Abstract Background The highly conserved Grainyhead‐like (Grhl) family of transcription
factors play critical roles in the development of the neural tube and craniofacial skeleton. In …