Background Plants are hotbeds for parasites such as arthropod herbivores, which acquire
nutrients and energy from their hosts in order to grow and reproduce. Hence plants are …

Herbivores consume a large portion of the biomass produced by plants in virtually all
ecosystems, which has dramatic effects on both the ecology and evolution of plants. In …

This book, the first compilation of reviews dealing with plant responses to challenge from
herbivores (insects), is divided into 3 parts totalling 16 chapters. Part 1 comprises discussion …

Plants are nutritious and hence herbivores and phytopathogens have specialized to attack
and consume them. In turn, plants have evolved adaptations to detect and withstand these …

In this essay I summarize current trends in the evolutionary ecology of plant defence, while
advocating for approaches that integrate community ecology with specific tests of classic …

Plant secondary metabolites play an important role in mediating interactions with insect
herbivores and their natural enemies. Metabolites stored in plant tissues are usually …

In recent years, induced plant defenses have received widespread attention from biologists
in a variety of disciplines. The mechanisms underlying these defenses and the interactions …

Ecologists have long ignored or underestimated the importance of plant–herbivore
interactions owing to the diversities of herbivores, plant defensive strategies and ecological …

Many morphological and chemical features of plants are classified as plant defenses against
herbivores. By definition, plant defenses should increase a plant's fitness (ie, its contribution …

Inducible defences allow plants to be phenotypically plastic. Inducible indirect defence of
plants by attracting carnivorous enemies of herbivorous arthropods can vary with plant …