Abstract Organ‐on‐a‐chip (OOC) platforms recapitulate human in vivo‐like conditions more
realistically compared to many animal models and conventional two‐dimensional cell …

Organs-on-chips (OoCs) are microfluidic devices that contain bioengineered tissues or parts
of natural tissues or organs and can mimic the crucial structures and functions of living …

Understanding complex cell–cell interactions and physiological microenvironments is critical
for the development of new therapies for treating human diseases. Current animal models …

Organ-on-a-chip engineering aims to create artificial living organs that mimic the complex
and physiological responses of real organs, in order to test drugs by precisely manipulating …

Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing is an ideal technology for building flexible,
complex, monolithic devices. Organs-on-chips (OOCs) are biomimetic microsystems that …

Abstract Organ-on-a-chip (OOC, organ chip) technology can closely simulate the human
microenvironment, synthesize organ-like functional units on a fluidic chip substrate, and …

Organ-on-A-chip (OoAC) devices are miniaturized, functional, in vitro constructs that aim to
recapitulate the in vivo physiology of an organ using different cell types and extracellular …

The re-creation of physiological cellular microenvironments that truly resemble complex in
vivo architectures is the key aspect in the development of advanced in vitro organotypic …

Organ-on-chips were designed to simulate the real tissue or organ microenvironment by
precise control of the cells, the extracellular matrix and other micro-environmental factors to …

Recent advances in integrating microengineering and tissue engineering have generated
promising microengineered physiological models for experimental medicine and …