Serotonergic neurons in the medulla have recently been shown to be sensors of carbon
dioxide and pH. There is compelling evidence that the co-release of serotonin, substance P …

We have previously shown that serotonergic neurons of the medulla are strongly stimulated
by an increase in CO2, suggesting that they are central respiratory chemoreceptors. Here …

There is a long-standing controversy about the role of serotonin in sleep/wake control, with
competing theories that it either promotes sleep or causes arousal. Here, we show that there …

Medullary raphé serotonergic neurons are chemosensitive in culture and are situated
adjacent to blood vessels in the brain stem. Selective lesioning of serotonergic raphé …

Arousal from sleep in response to CO2 is a critical protective phenomenon. Dysregulation of
CO2-induced arousal contributes to morbidity and mortality from prevalent diseases, such as …

Serotonergic neurons in the medulla are central respiratory chemoreceptors. Here we show
that serotonergic neurons in the midbrain of rats are also highly chemosensitive to small …

The medullary raphé contains two subtypes of chemosensitive neuron: one that is stimulated
by acidosis and another that is inhibited. Both types of neuron are putative chemoreceptors …

Serotonin activates respiration and enhances the stimulatory effect of CO2 on breathing. The
present study tests whether the mechanism involves the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), a …

Central serotonin (5-HT) neurons modulate many vital brain functions, including respiratory
control. Whether breathing depends critically on 5-HT neurons, or whether their influence is …

The functional roles of the medullary raphé, and specifically 5-HT neurons, are not well
understood. It has previously been stated that the role of 5-HT has been so difficult to …