Background Ketamine elicits rapid onset antidepressant effects in patients with clinical
depression through mechanisms hypothesized to involve the genesis of neocortical …

Repeated exposure to cocaine alters the structural and functional properties of medium
spiny neurons (MSNs) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). These changes suggest a rewiring …

Coordinated activity-induced transcriptional changes across multiple neuron subtypes of the
prefrontal cortex (PFC) play a pivotal role in encoding and regulating major cognitive …

Dendritic spines are specialized structures on neuronal processes where the majority of
excitatory synapses are localized. Spines are highly dynamic, and their stabilization and …

Drug-induced plasticity of excitatory synapses has been proposed to be the cellular
mechanism underlying the aberrant learning associated with addiction. Exposure to various …

Neurons in distinct brain regions remodel in response to postnatal stressor exposure, and
structural plasticity may underlie stress-related modifications in behavioral outcomes. Given …

Given that cocaine induces neuroadaptations through regulation of gene expression, we
investigated whether chromatin remodeling at specific gene promoters may be a key …

Mice socially isolated during adolescence exhibit behaviors of anxiety, depression and
impaired social interaction. Although these behaviors are well documented, very little is …

Locomotor sensitization (LS) is an early behavioral adaptation to addictive drugs, driven by
the increase of dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens (NAc). However, the effect on …

The prefrontal cortex mediates many aspects of addiction. In this issue of Neuron, Bowers et
al. demonstrate that an activator of G protein signaling (AGS3) is persistently upregulated in …