Preclinical studies of the T cell growth factor activity of IL-2 resulted in this cytokine
becoming the first immunotherapy to be approved nearly 30 years ago by the US Food and …

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is integral to immune system regulation. Its opposing immunostimulatory
and immunosuppressive actions make it an attractive therapeutic target for cancer and …

Abstract Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a pleiotropic cytokine required for both effector lymphocyte
proliferation/differentiation and regulatory T cell expansion/survival. Ability to receive IL-2 …

Abstract Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R) are essential in orchestrating immune
responses. Their function and expression in the tumor microenvironment make them …

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was originally discovered as a growth factor for activated T cells in vitro.
IL-2 promotes CD8+ T cell growth and differentiation in vivo, but has little effect on CD4+ T …

Molecular insights into the mechanism of beneficial and adverse effects of interleukin-2 (IL-
2) have resulted in the development of improved IL-2 formulations with IL-2 receptor bias …

IL-2 has been used to treat diseases ranging from cancer to autoimmune disorders, but its
concurrent immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects hinder efficacy. IL-2 …

Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis since Treg
dysfunction in both animals and humans is associated with multi-organ autoimmune and …

Equilibrium in the immune system is maintained by a balance between activation, which
generates effector and memory cells, and suppression, which is mediated mainly by …

Cytokines are secreted or membrane-presented molecules that mediate broad cellular
functions, including development, differentiation, growth and survival. Accordingly, the …