Age affects time-dependent respiratory responses to episodic hypoxia in male rats,
particularly long-term facilitation (LTF), a serotonin-dependent respiratory “memory”[Zabka …

Age and the estrus cycle affect time-dependent respiratory responses to episodic hypoxia in
female rats. Respiratory long-term facilitation (LTF) is enhanced in middle-aged vs. young …

1 Long term facilitation (LTF) is a serotonin‐dependent augmentation of respiratory motor
output (phrenic and hypoglossal) following episodic hypoxia. Since ageing influences …

It is clear that sex hormones impact ventilation. While the effects of the menstrual cycle,
pregnancy, testosterone, and progesterone on resting ventilation have been well …

Long‐term facilitation (LTF), a form of serotonin‐dependent respiratory plasticity induced by
intermittent hypoxia, decreases with increasing age or following gonadectomy in male …

The ventilatory response to hypoxia of adult conscious rats, measured during sleep as
change in ventilation-oxygen consumption ratio (V̇e/V̇O2 while breathing 10% O2 for 15 …

Acute isocapnic intermittent hypoxia elicits time-dependent, serotonin-dependent
enhancement of phrenic motor output in anesthetized rats (phrenic long-term facilitation …

New Findings What is the central question of the study? There are sex differences in the
respiratory network and in the regulation of arterial blood pressure. Female rats develop …

Human and animal studies on sleep-disordered breathing and respiratory regulation show
that the effects of sex hormones are heterogeneous. Because neonatal stress results in sex …

Sex hormones modulate plasticity in the central nervous system, including respiratory long‐
term facilitation (LTF), a form of serotonin‐dependent respiratory plasticity induced by …