Cancer treatment, in particular radiotherapy and chemotherapy, is often hindered by an
inherent resistance of cancer cells. Cancer stem cells in particular have previously been …

Patient-derived cancer organoids have taken a prominent role in pre-clinical and
translational research and have been generated for most common solid tumors. Cancer …

Tumor organoids have been proposed as a model system for precision medicine. The ability
of tumor organoids to retain characteristics of the original tumor makes them unique for …

Cancer is a top-ranked life-threatening disease with intratumor heterogeneity. Tumor
heterogeneity is associated with metastasis, relapse, and therapy resistance. These factors …

Patient‐derived cancer cells (PDCs) and patient‐derived xenografts (PDXs) are often used
as tumor models, but have many shortcomings. PDCs not only lack diversity in terms of cell …

Cancer comprises a collection of highly proliferative and heterogeneous cells growing within
an adaptive and evolving tumour microenvironment. Cancer survival rates have significantly …

In the search for the ideal model of tumours, the use of three-dimensional in vitro models is
advancing rapidly. These are intended to mimic the in vivo properties of the tumours which …

Cancer harbors variable heterogeneity and plasticity. Thus far, our comprehension is greatly
based on cell lines, organoids, and patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDTXs). Organoids …

Simple Summary The possibility to generate in the laboratory faithful models of patients'
tumors is of primary importance to capture cancer complexity and study therapy response in …

The recent advances in in vitro 3D culture technologies, such as organoids, have opened
new avenues for the development of novel, more physiological human cancer models. Such …