Metal exposure is pervasive and not limited to sporadic poisoning events or toxic waste
sites. Hundreds of millions of people around the globe are affected by chronic metal …

Many metals are essential for living organisms, but at higher doses they may be toxic and
carcinogenic. Metal exposure occurs mainly in occupational settings and environmental …

Mechanisms of carcinogenicity are discussed for metals and their compounds, classified as
carcinogenic to humans or considered to be carcinogenic to humans: arsenic, antimony …

Simple Summary Environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metals are risk factors
for cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms of how heavy metals induce …

Metals are an important and emerging class of carcinogens. At least three metals,
specifically nickel, chromium, and arsenic, are confirmed human carcinogens, and several …

Heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis is well documented by epidemiological studies.
Several diverse mechanisms of cancer induction may be involved, depending on the form of …

Cancer epidemiology has identified several metal compounds as human carcinogens.
Recent evidence suggests that carcinogenic metals induce genotoxicity in a multiplicity of …

Epidemiological data indicate that exposure to metal and metalloid species, including
arsenic (III), chromium (VI), and nickel (II), increases the risk of cancer, particularly of the …

Cadmium is an environmental pollutant, with relevant exposures at workplaces and in the
general population. The carcinogenicity has been long established, most evident for tumors …

Metals have been in the environment during the entire evolution of man and the use of
metals is key to human civilization. None-the-less, several very toxic species are included in …