Objective: In mechanically ventilated patients the indices which assess preload are used
with increasing frequency to predict the hemodynamic response to volume expansion. We …

During the cholera epidemics in the nineteenth century, intravenous fluid infusion was
observed “to restore the blood to its natural specific gravity and to restore its deficient saline …

Objective: Dynamic preload indicators like pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume
variation (SVV) are increasingly being used for optimizing cardiac preload since they have …

Fluid therapy represents, most of the time, the first-line treatment of circulatory failure in
critically ill patients. However, after initial resuscitation, fluid administration can be …

Predicting which patients with acute circulatory failure will respond to fluid by a significant
increase in cardiac output is a daily challenge, in particular in the setting of the intensive …

Study objective To identify and critically review the published peer-reviewed, English-
language studies investigating predictive factors of fluid responsiveness in ICU patients …

Objective: In spontaneously breathing patients, indexes predicting hemodynamic response
to volume expansion are very much needed. The present review discusses the clinical utility …

In patients with acute circulatory failure, the decision to give fluids or not should not be taken
lightly. The risk of overzealous fluid administration has been clearly established. Moreover …

Predicting the hemodynamic response to fluid administration in patients with acute
circulatory failure is of major importance and numerous methods are now available. While …

The clinical determination of the intravascular volume can be extremely difficult in critically ill
and injured patients as well as those undergoing major surgery. This is problematic because …