Recently, internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS) is gaining increasing attention from clinical
researchers due to a series of confounding symptoms that impair the quality of life in affected …

Internal jugular vein (IJV) stenosis and cerebral venous sinus (CVS) stenosis belong to
cerebral venous outflow insufficiency. This study aimed to analyze the similarities and …

Extracranial venous abnormalities, especially jugular venous outflow disturbance, were
originally viewed as nonpathological phenomena due to a lack of realization and …

Objectives Extracranial venous anomalies, especially internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS),
have recently received increasing attention, however, its etiologies are uncertain. This study …

Background Internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS) has recently aroused increasing interests,
whereas, the factors affecting its clinical outcomes are not clear. This study aims to explore …

Cerebral venous outflow insufficiency via the internal jugular vein (IJV) is associated with
several neurological disorders. However, a normal reference set of IJV hemodynamic …

Venous reflux in the internal jugular vein branches (JB) was found frequently in patients of
certain neurologic disorders. We hypothesized that the retrograde-flow in JB is associated …

Abstract Background and Purposes Differentiating between acquired stenosis (pathologic)
and anatomical slenderness (physiologic) of internal jugular vein (IJV) remain ambiguous …

Purpose Internal jugular vein (IJV) narrowing superiorly is likely relatively frequent. IJV
narrowing has been proposed as a potential pathophysiologic component for multiple …

Objectives Multiple areas of stenosis and different levels of obstruction of internal jugular
and azygous veins (a condition known as cronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency) …