Pre-clinical studies are an obligatory tool to develop and translate novel therapeutic
strategies into clinical practice. Acute and chronic rejection mediated by the recipient's …

The field of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) has undergone significant
advancement in recent decades, and VCAs are increasingly common and accepted in the …

The preclinical experimental models of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) have been
rapidly developed for the assessment of immunomodulatory protocols for clinical …

Since the start of the clinical vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) era over a
decade ago this field has witnessed significant developments in both basic and translational …

Over the past twenty years, significant technical strides have been made in the area of
vascularized composite tissue allotransplantation (VCA). As in solid organ transplantation …

Successful hand and face transplantation in the last decade has firmly established the field
of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). The experience in VCA has thus far …

Although vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) have been performed clinically for a
variety of indications, potential complications from long‐term immunosuppression and graft …

Background Achieving tolerance of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) would improve
the risk-to-benefit ratio in patients who undergo this life-enhancing, though not lifesaving …

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has emerged as a treatment option for
treating nonlife-threatening conditions. Therefore, in order to make VCA a safe …

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is an innovative reconstructive modality
for patients sustaining complex injuries not amenable to conventional treatment. Advances …