Given the historical and contemporary existence of racism in American society, one might
suspect there would be an equally substantial literature examining the effects of racism on …

Various authors have noted that interethnic group and intraethnic group racism are
significant stressors for many African Americans. As such, intergroup and intragroup racism …

We are thankful for Clark, Anderson, Clark, and Williams's (October 1999) article outlining
the role of racism as a stressor for African Americans. We are in agreement that more …

Attempts to fill the gap in discussion about issues related to discrimination, prejudice, and
racism perpetuated against Asian Americans by discussing different types of racist acts …

Comments on the article by R. Clark et al (see record 1999-11644-001), which outlines a
biopsychosocial model for perceived racism as a stressor among African Americans. This …

Within American society, the historical record clearly indicates that assumed racial
superiority is associated with Caucasian (White) heritage and assigned racial inferiority is …

Research on racial prejudice and discrimination within the discipline of psychology has
traditionally sought to understand why individual people engage in behaviours defined as …

The experiences of racism in the United States can produce acute, chronic, conscious and
unconscious forms of stress for Blacks in America (Essed, 1991; Feagin & Sikes, 1994; …

Twenty years later, racism remains an ever-relevant and ubiquitous force—whether named
or unnamed—that impacts everyday life for many people of color. Racism, in all its forms …

This paper provides an overview of United States-based research on the ways in which
racism can affect mental health. It describes changes in racial attitudes over time, the …