Resuscitation from circulatory shock and stabilization of patients following major surgery are
important and common problems faced by practicing acute care physicians. In mechanically …

Respiratory induced dynamic variations of stroke volume and its surrogates are very
sensitive and specific predictors of fluid responsiveness, but their use as targets for volume …

Early recognition and treatment of acute circulatory failure and tissue hypoperfusion are
paramount for improving the odds of survival in critically ill patients. Fluid volume …

The clinical determination of the intravascular volume can be extremely difficult in critically ill
and injured patients as well as those undergoing major surgery. This is problematic because …

Objective: Regional variables of organ dysfunction are thought to be better monitoring
variables than global pressure-related hemodynamic variables. Whether a difference exists …

The best predictor of fluid response for hypotensive patients not on vasopressors is a
properly conducted passive leg raise maneuver. For more severely ill patients who are …

Objective: Values of central venous pressure of 8–12 mm Hg and of pulmonary artery
occlusion pressure of 12–15 mm Hg have been proposed as volume resuscitation targets in …

Functional hemodynamic monitoring refers to the assessment of the response of
cardiovascular system to a well-defined, generally reversible and transient perturbation [1] …

Objective: Fluid therapy after resuscitation from cardiac arrest is challenging since both
hypovolemia and fluid overload may cause circulatory failure. Therefore, prediction of fluid …

Volume management is a major activity in the intensive care unit, because of the importance
of blood volume as a determinant of venous return and cardiac output. The basic principles …