Background The cause of multiple sclerosis is believed to involve environmental exposure
and genetic susceptibility. We aimed to summarise the environmental risk factors that have …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease that is associated with permanent
disability and low quality of life. Development of MS is attributed to a combination of genetic …

Introduction Environmental factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis and
progression of multiple sclerosis (MS), either acting alone or by interacting with other …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative demyelinating disease of
the central nervous system (CNS), most likely autoimmune in origin, usually beginning in …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common, complex neurological disease. Epidemiological data
implicate both genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of MS, with various factors …

The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been intensively studied. It is
conceptualised as a complex disease in which genetic and environmental factors act …

As discussed in Part I of this review, the geographic distribution of multiple sclerosis (MS)
and the change in risk among migrants provide compelling evidence for the existence of …

Objectives–Multiple sclerosis (MS) likely results from an interaction between genetic and
exogenous factors. While genetics shapes the overall population MS susceptibility …

Objectives We conducted a systematic review and wide-angled Mendelian randomization
(MR) study to examine the association between possible risk factors and multiple sclerosis …

The etiology of multiple sclerosis is, at present, not definitely known, but genetic and
environmental factors play a role in its causation. Environmental causes have a predominant …