Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) has evolved as a safe, effective, and efficient alternative for
minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). The innovation of full-endoscopic systems makes …

Many types of surgeries are changing from conventional to minimally invasive techniques.
Techniques in spine surgery have also changed, with endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) …

Recently, spine surgery has gradually evolved from conventional open surgery to minimally
invasive surgery, and endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) has become an important procedure …

Across many of the surgical specialties, the use of minimally invasive techniques that utilize
indirect visualization has been increasingly replacing traditional techniques which utilize …

Minimally invasive spine procedures have undergone rapid development during the last
decade. Efforts to decrease muscle crush injuries during prolonged retraction, avoid …

Innovations in the development of endoscopic spinal surgery were classified into different
generations and reviewed. Future developments and directions for endoscopic spinal …

With the health care environment becoming increasingly patient centric and cost-conscious,
interest levels in spinal endoscopy are at an all-time high. Patient demand for the least …

The aging population around the world leads to increasing incidence of degenerative spinal
conditions. There is a need for a minimally invasive technique in treatment for spinal …

Various spinal diseases and related pain is a very common phenomenon, and it is reported
that more than two-thirds of the population experience these spine related symptoms during …

Introduction Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique that
offers comparable efficacy and safety with less collateral damage compared to conventional …