The main aim of this chapter is to develop a decision framework for ship owners to comply
with emission regulations; various measures that are available to ship owners are analysed …

IMO uses three pillar strategy for air emission reduction including, technical, operational and
market-based measures (MBM). The dissertation briefly describes the maritime regulatory …

This analysis aims to provide insight and to explore the future usage of methanol as an
alternative marine fuel for domestic ships in Indonesia. An overview of potential application …

Following a whistle-blower complaint, an investigation indicated unauthorized use of images
in the Graphical Abstract of this paper from LEC GmbH, and it was specifically created for the …

The study found that Indonesia has some advantage to introduce methanol as marine fuel.
However, methanol competitiveness is mainly dependent on ship productivity and the price …

The purpose of the study is to determine the environmental benefits of using methanol as
fuel on ships with regards to emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), NOx and SOx. The …

The continuous expansion of shipping trade has brought about increasingly serious marine
pollution problems. In the context of emission reduction in the global shipping industry, this …

The adoption of alternative energy carriers is one of the key ways to meet the increasingly
stricter emission regulations faced by shipping vessels from the international maritime …

The current global fleet is still dependent on conventional fuels as energy source to transport
goods to various places in the world. These conventional fuels, such as MGO or HFO, emit …

Annual emissions from maritime transport are contributing to the acceleration of global
climate change and deteriorating local air quality. Shipowners need information on current …