The selectivity of action of the clinically available calcium channel antagonists depends on a
number of factors: 1) Mode of calcium mobilization—intracellular and extracellular sources …

Calcium channels arc ubiquitously distributed in excitable cells. The calcium-channel
antagonists interact specifically at the L subclass of channels to mediate cardiovascular …

The introduction of the Ca2+ channel antagonists, including the clinically available
verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem, into cardiovascular medicine served to initiate much …

Publisher Summary Calcium channel antagonists are cardiovascular drugs those inhibit
smooth and cardiac muscle contraction by blocking the influx of calcium ions through …

Increasing recognition of the importance of calcium in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular
disease has stimulated research into the use of calcium channel blocking agents for …

• The calcium-channel antagonists represent three separate structural categories of drugs.
They share a common action—the blockade of calcium-ion flow through one specific type of …

This comparison of the binding characteristics and pharmacology of 1, 4‐dihydropyridines
indicates that the high‐affinity binding sites studied in cardiac and smooth muscle cells …

A variety of terms, including Ca 2+ antagonist, Ca 2+ channel blocker, and slow channel
blocker, have been applied to a structurally heterogeneous group of agents including the …

The dihydropyridine series of drugs contains both potent antagonists and potent activators of
Ca2+ channels. The structural differences between antagonists and activators are small …

The activities of a series of calcium antagonists including nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem
and second-generation 1, 4-dihy-dropyridines were determined in isolated vascular and …