Substances of unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products, or biological
materials (UVCBs) are over 70 000 “complex” chemical mixtures produced and used at …

Substances of unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products, or biological
materials (UVCBs) pose unique risk assessment challenges to regulators and to product …

Comparative assessment of potential human health impacts is a critical step in evaluating
both chemical alternatives and existing products on the market. Most alternatives …

Complex environmental mixtures consist of hundreds to thousands of unknown and
unregulated organic compounds that may have toxicological relevance, including …

The need for assembled existing and new toxicity data has accelerated as the amount of
chemicals introduced into commerce continues to grow and regulatory mandates require …

For non-genotoxic carcinogens,“thresholded toxicants”, Acceptable/Tolerable Daily Intakes
(ADI/TDI) represent a level of exposure “without appreciable health risk” when consumed …

Considering the chemical complexity and toxicity data gaps of environmental mixtures, most
studies evaluate the chemical risk individually. However, humans are usually exposed to a …

Exposure to environmental organic pollutants has triggered significant ecological impacts
and adverse health outcomes, which have been received substantial and increasing …

Toxic effects evidenced in the environment are most often caused by mixtures of known and
unknown pollutants. One of the key challenges in environmental chemistry and …

Chemical pollution is typically characterized by exposure to multiple rather than to single or
a limited number of compounds. Parent compounds, transformation products and other non …