Purpose Macrophages are highly plastic cells. Under different stimuli, macrophages can be
polarized into several different subsets. Two main macrophage subsets have been …

Sepsis presents as a severe infectious disease frequently documented in clinical settings.
Characterized by its systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis has the potential to …

Macrophages are crucial components of the immune system and play a critical role in the
initial defense against pathogens. They are highly heterogeneous and plastic and can be …

Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a common condition
with high mortality. ALI/ARDS is caused by multiple etiologies, and the main clinical …

Macrophages, circulating in the blood or concatenated into different organs and tissues
constitute the first barrier against any disease. They are foremost controllers of both innate …

Diversity and plasticity are two hallmarks of macrophages. M1 macrophages (classically
activated macrophages) are pro-inflammatory and have a central role in host defense …

Sepsis is a life-threatening clinical syndrome caused by infection. Its pathogenesis is
complex and entails coagulation dysfunction, inflammation, and immune disorders …

Despite development in the understanding of the pathogenesis of acute lung injury
(ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the underlying mechanism still needs to …

Monocytes/macrophages are heterogeneous and versatile cells that could undergo their
phenotypically/functionally dynamic switch in response to the microenvironment signals …

Fibrosis progression in the lung commonly results in impaired functional gas exchange,
respiratory failure, or even death. In addition to the aberrant activation and differentiation of …