Abstract Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, widely known as immune checkpoint
blockade therapy (ICBT), is now the fourth pillar in cancer treatment, offering the chance of …

Activation of antitumor immunity upon immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is one of the most
promising strategies in cancer therapy. However, ICB resistance is frequently observed in …

The ability of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to reactivate the killing function of the
immune system to tumor cells has led to long lasting immune response presenting highly …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has rapidly transformed the treatment paradigm for
various cancer types. Multiple single or combinations of ICB treatments have been approved …

The discovery of immune checkpoints and the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors
(ICI) have achieved a durable response in advanced-stage cancer patients. However, there …

Immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs), as a major breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy,
target CTLA-4 and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and reinvigorate anti-tumor activities by disrupting …

Cancer immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoint pathways, such as programmed cell
death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte …

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) has revolutionized the treatment and
management of numerous cancers, yet a substantial proportion of patients who initially …

The advent of immunotherapy for cancer represented a paradigm shift in the treatment
approach of neoplasia. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were demonstrated to …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of various cancers by
reversing the immunosuppressive mechanisms employed by tumors to restore anticancer …