Insulin, a hormone produced by pancreatic β-cells, has a primary function of maintaining
glucose homeostasis. Deficiencies in β-cell insulin secretion result in the development of …

Insulin is a polypeptide hormone mainly secreted by β cells in the islets of Langerhans of the
pancreas. The hormone potentially coordinates with glucagon to modulate blood glucose …

The maintenance of normal carbohydrate metabolism requires an intricate interplay
between insulin action and insulin secretion. Type 2 diabetes usually results from a …

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), one of the most common metabolic disorders, is caused
by a combination of two primary factors: defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and …

I. Introduction IN THE fasted state, glucose homeostasis depends upon the balance between
hepatic glucose production and glucose utilization by the major insulin-dependent tissues …

In recent years there has been a growing interest in the possibility of a direct autocrine effect
of insulin on the pancreatic β-cell. Indeed, there have been numerous intriguing articles and …

The discovery of insulin 100 years ago and its application to the treatment of human disease
in the years since have marked a major turning point in the history of medicine. The …

Following the discovery of insulin, it took the rest of the twentieth century to understand how
this hormone regulates intracellular metabolism. What are the main discoveries that led to …

Insulin is an anabolic peptide hormone secreted by the b cells of the pancreas acting
through a receptor located in the membrane of target cells-major ones being liver (where it …

Insulin resistance is one of the earliest defects in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Over
the past 50 years, elucidation of the insulin signalling network has provided important …