Membrane fusion--in the widest sense of the word--is a widely observed phenomenon in
nature. Membrane fusion is involved in secretion, in pinocytosis, in the formation of …

Phenomenologically, cell-to-cell fusion is achieved presently in vitro by chemicals or
inactivated virus [2, 30, 31, 33, 34, 48, 64]. Fusion can usually only be achieved by using …

Electropermeabilization of chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) is a long lived process but is
nevertheless fully reversible. Electrofusion can be obtained by centrifuging the cells several …

Mesophyll cell protoplasts of Vicia faba were collected by dielectrophoresis in a highly
inhomogeneous alternating electric field (sine wave, 5 to 10 V peak-to-peak value, 500 kHz …

Revised Manuscript Received October 19, 1989 abstract: Cells can bemade temporarily
permeable if pulsed byhigh-intensity short-duration electric fields. The molecular …

Exposure to electrical fields can reversibly increase the electrical conductivity and
permeability of a cell membrane, which regulates and directs the exchange of materials and …

Bioelectric fields may segregate charged components floating in the plasma membranes of
cells by a process of electrophoresis along the membrane. Molecules in cell membranes …

Electroporation and other related cell membrane phenomena induced by an applied electric
field, either a direct (dc), an alternating (ac), or a dc shifted radio-frequency electric field …

During the past decade, the realization that cell membrane constituents may exist in a fluid
matrix, each constituent capable of exhibiting rapid rotational and translational motions …

Abstract High electric field impulses (1–20 kV/cm, 1–20 μs) may trigger fusion between
adhering cells or lipid vesicles (electrofusion). In this paper a qualitative model of …