Despite the various different candidate genetic polymorphisms of potential clinical
relevance, there is not enough understanding of the inter‑individual variability in analgesic …

Opioid analgesics are the standards of care for the treatment of moderate to severe
nociceptive pain, particularly in the setting of cancer and surgery. Their analgesic properties …

Context μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) A118G polymorphism (rs1799971) causes loss of
N-glycosylation sites at the extracellular domain of μ-opioid receptors. G-allele carriers show …

Regard of functional pharmacogenetic polymorphisms may further the success of pain
therapy by adopting individualized approaches. The μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) …

Opioid drugs are among the most commonly used and effective human analgesics. To date,
the clinical benefits of opioid analgesics have not been fully realized due to substantial …

Aim A finite number of variants in the OPRM1, COMT, MC1R, ABCB1 and CYP2D6 genes
has been identified to significantly modulate the effects of opioids in controlled homogenous …

Genetic polymorphisms have been shown to affect opioid requirement for pain relief.
However, true genetic effect is often difficult to assess due to underlying pain conditions and …

Background As pain is often a comorbid condition, many patients use opioid analgesics in
combination with several other drugs. This implies a generally increased risk of drug …

Polymorphisms in the μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) are primary candidate sources of
clinical variability in opioid therapy. Apart from the 118A> G single nucleotide polymorphism …

Background: A major challenge for effective pharmacotherapy in pain management is to
provide the drug best suited to the patient's innate characteristics. Objective: The article …