We have conducted a systematic review of air embolism complications of neurosurgery in
the sitting position and patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure. It assesses the risk and benefit …

Objective To analyze the actual risk for patients with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) to
experience a clinically relevant venous air embolism (VAE) during surgery performed in the …

Background The semi-sitting position is preferred in some surgeries of the posterior fossa
and the cervical spine. At the same time, it is associated with a risk of air embolism. In the …

Background. One major risk factor of the sitting position for neurosurgery is air embolism,
especially in patients with persistent foramen ovale (PFO). The first aim of this prospective …

A persisting foramen ovale (PFO) is the most common cause of paradoxical air embolism. To
detect right-to-left shunting, transthoracic contrast echocardiography was performed …

Background The benefit of the sitting position for surgery of the posterior fossa and cervical
spine is still a matter of controversy. In our study we analyzed the outcome after sitting …

Background Venous air embolism has been reported to occur in 23-45% of patients
undergoing neurosurgical procedures in the sitting position. If venous air embolism occurs, a …

This prospective study investigates the frequency of patent foramen ovale (PFO), venous air
embolism (VAE) and paradoxical air embolism (PAE) by transoesophageal …

The reports of paradoxical air embolism (PAE) during venous air embolism (VAE) in patients
operated on in the sitting position (SP) are for the most part individual case reports …

The semi-sitting position has lost favor among neurosurgeons partly due to unproven
assumptions of increased complications. Many complications have been associated with …