Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO s) have been defined as (a) pre‐term birth, when there
is a delivery before 37 completed weeks (< 259 days);(b) pre‐eclampsia, which is a …

Aim To evaluate the evidence on potential biological pathways underlying the possible
association between periodontal disease (PD) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO s) …

From last decade of the 20th century, numerous epidemiological studies and intervention
trials have attempted to prove the relationships between maternal periodontal diseases and …

Periodontal diseases are considered not only to affect tooth‐supporting tissues but also to
have a cause‐and‐effect relationship with various systemic diseases and conditions, such …

Background: Pregnancy sometimes has adverse outcomes including low birthweight (<
2500 g), pre‐term birth (< 37 weeks), growth restriction, pre‐eclampsia, miscarriage and/or …

Periodontal disease is a highly prevalent group of illnesses of microbial etiology, whose
consequence is a severe breakdown of tooth-supporting structures. A link between …

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory and destructive disease of tissues supporting the
tooth. A large number of studies have confirmed that periodontal pathogens and their …

The link between oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes has been suggested by
numerous epidemiological studies. More recent studies indicate the relationship between …

During pregnancy profound perturbations in innate and adaptive immunity impact the
clinical course of a number of infectious diseases, including those affecting periodontal …

Background: Pre‐term birth is a major cause of infant mortality and morbidity that has
considerable societal, medical, and economic costs. The rate of pre‐term birth appears to be …