Lung cancer is one of the most common neoplasms globally, with about 2.2 million new
cases and 1.8 million deaths annually. Although the most important factor in reducing lung …

Context β-Carotene, which is derived from most fruits and vegetables, is the most common
type of carotenes. Existing studies have demonstrated that β-carotene is associated with …

The effect of beta‐carotene supplementation on cancer incidence has been investigated in
several randomized controlled trials. The objective was to review the effect of beta‐carotene …

BACKGROUND Some studies have suggested that beta‐carotene supplementation may
increase the risk of lung cancer, particularly among smokers or former smokers. Beta …

A number of epidemiological studies have reported associations of β-carotene plasma
levels or intake with decreased lung cancer risk. However, intervention studies in smokers …

Two primary prevention trials unexpectedly showed adverse effects of supplemental β-
carotene on lung cancer incidence in cigarette smokers. To elucidate the molecular …

The search for chemoprevention agents to reduce the incidence and burden of cancer has
become an increasingly important priority for medical researchers during the past two …

Clinical trials were designed to validate the protective effect of β-carotene in populations of
cigarette smokers at high risk for lung cancer development. Strikingly, an increase in lung …

The conflicting evidence of the relation between β-carotene and lung cancer in humans
serves as a poignant case study with respect to what types of evidence are sufficient to …

The objective of this paper was to review the strategies for lung cancer chemoprevention. A
retrospective assessment of the major findings from the most informative lung cancer …