Ultraviolet (UV)-sensitive visual pigments are widespread in the animal kingdom but many
animals, for example primates, block UV light from reaching their retina by pigmented …

Whereas humans have three types of cone photoreceptor, birds have four types of single
cones and, unlike humans, are sensitive to ultraviolet light (UV, 320-400 nm). Most birds are …

Although UV vision was first demonstrated in birds in the early 1970s, its function is still
unknown. Here we review the evidence for UV vision in birds, discuss the special properties …

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light generates substantial damage, and in mammals,
visual sensitivity to UV is restricted to short-lived diurnal rodents and certain marsupials. In …

Features in the UV may play an unappreciated role in avian foraging. The development of
understanding of ultraviolet vision and reflectance in birds holds a broader lesson: There are …

HUMAN colour vision extends from about 400 nm in the violet to about 750 nm in the red.
Why are we restricted to this limited range? About 80o/o of the electromagnetic radiation …

Recent behavioural experiments have shown that birds use ultraviolet (UV)–reflective and
fluorescent plumage as cues in mate choice. It remains controversial, however, whether …

In addition to wavelengths visible to humans (400–700 nm), many birds are able to detect
near ultraviolet light (320–400 nm). Most studies of ultraviolet (UV) vision in birds have …

Variation in the types and spectral characteristics of visual pigments is a common
mechanism for the adaptation of the vertebrate visual system to prevailing light conditions …

Ultraviolet (UV) light occupies the spectral range of wavelengths slightly shorter than those
visible to humans. Because of its shorter wavelength, it is more energetic (and potentially …