Background For more than ten years, Indonesia has health law, one of which states that
local governments are mandated to establish Smoke Free Area (SFA). The results of 2018 …

Background: The prevalence among adult men in Indonesia is among the highest in the
world. Objective: Our study examines the hotspots and regional variation in smoking …

Background: Indonesia has an estimated 61.4 million current smokers, and the smoking
prevalence among adults is persistently high while that among youth is increasing. In 2014 …

A growing number of local governments have already enacted a smoke-free policy in
Indonesia. This promising phenomenon indicates the commitment of local governments to …

Objectives In Indonesia, 61 million adults smoked in 2018, and 59 million were exposed to
secondhand smoke at offices or restaurants in 2011. The Presidential Decree 109/2012 …

Pollution caused by cigarette smoke causes health problems and even death in humans.
Active smokers contribute to this. The number of smokers increases every year, including …

Tobacco consumption is still a burden for many countries worldwide, due to many causes
attributable to smoking. Tobacco use is one of the leading global helath risks for human …

Smoking is a habit that can damage health and can cause various diseases that can lead to
morbidity and mortality where the Crude Mortality Rate (CDR) is one of the mortality …

Abstract Introduction: Medan City Government has Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2014
concerning No-Smoking Area, the aim is to create a clean and healthy space and …

Background: The household is considered as a private area that is untouched tobacco
control policies in developing countries, especially in Indonesia, which has not ratified the …