The gastrointestinal tract plays an integral, though not obvious role in acid balance. Under
normal circumstances, greater than 1000mEq of Hþ and HCO3 À are absorbed and …

Maintenance of a constant hydrogen ion concen-tration (pH) is critical for health. Among the
reasons a constant pH is important is that enzymatic reactions have a “pH optimum” that is …

Under normal physiologic conditions, acid–base balance is maintained by renal excretion of
hydrogen ions generated during the metabolism of dietary protein and other metabolic …

This chapter reviews the normal values for acid–base parameters in humans. As will be
discussed, the pH of the body fluids is maintained at a relatively alkaline level, with …

Disruption of normal gastrointestinal function as a result of infection, hereditary or acquired
diseases, or complications of surgical procedures uncovers its important role in acid-base …

The role of nutrition in human acid-base homeostasis has gained increasing attention in
recent years. Although in healthy humans, homeostatic mechanisms and the kidneys' …

The static measurement of hydrogen ion activity in body fluids reflects complex
interrelationships between a) the dynamic balance between the rates of addition of …

The kidneys are responsible for day-to-day acid–base homeostasis, with the lungs
regulating PaCO2 on a minute-to-minute basis. This renal regulation is accomplished by …

We have previously reported that changes in colonic net Na and Cl absorption correlate with
arterial CO2 partial pressure (PCO2) and that changes in colonic net Cl absorption and …

In the gastrointestinal tract, ionic balance, fluid absorption, and secretion are vital to maintain
homeostasis allowing for the maintenance of a membrane potential, adequate nutrient …